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Bravo To Intel: New Way To Keep Patients Out Of The Hospital

Intel just received FDA approval for their new in-home monitoring devices. The press release notes:

The Intel Health Guide enables caregivers to provide their patients with more personalized care at home, while also engaging and empowering patients to take a more active and positive role in their own care.

Intel said the interactive guide integrates vital sign collection, patient reminders, multimedia educational content and feedback and communications tools such as videoconferencing and e-mail. It can connect to specific models of wired and wireless medical devices, including blood pressure monitors, glucose meters, pulse oximeters, peak flow meters and weight scales.

Now this is a good idea – imagine how much pain and suffering we can alleviate by intervening in illnesses before they become acute? For example, when a patient with CHF begins to decompensate, physicians can intervene before the patient experiences severe shortness of breath and requires a hospital admission via the ER. What about catching a hyperglycemic episode early on? What about a hypertensive emergency that has no symptoms until very late in the game?

Avoiding the hospital can reduce exposure to infections, medical errors, insomnia, stress, and disorientation. Early intervention in disease keeps people out of the ER, and saves money and resources – while improving quality of life for the patients. The data gathering tools not only empower patients to be as independent as possible for as long as possible, but they empower physicians to care for their patients more effectively.

Unlike services that are aimed at replacing physicians, this one is designed to make them more efficient and effective. One day I imagine that a primary care physician will be able to keep an eye on her patients on one web page – with input from all the terminals combined into a dashboard. Alerts can be set at customized levels for different patients, and with a glance of an eye the physician will be able to see which patients may need help.

This is a brave new world of real-time health communication, and with technologies like this one, we may be able to bridge the gap between growing care needs and decreasing care resources while actually improving quality to boot.

Personal, affordable, telemedicine for the chronically ill. Bravo, Intel.This post originally appeared on Dr. Val’s blog at RevolutionHealth.com.

Asthma, Pollution, And The Beijing Olympics: The US Women’s Track And Field Coach Weighs In

I had the pleasure of interviewing Jeanette Bolden, US women’s track and field coach for the Beijing Olympics, about her life-long struggle with asthma and her thoughts on the upcoming Olympics. We were joined by her physician, Dr. Bobby Lanier, on a fascinating call about how the environment in Beijing might affect Olympic athletes and visitors to China.

*Listen to the podcast*

Dr. Val: What was it like growing up with severe asthma? How did you cope?

Bolden: I’ve had asthma all my life, and unfortunately, when I was young my mom used the Emergency Department as the primary source of treatment for my asthma. So I was in and out of the emergency room all the time and my asthma was really out of control. Things got so bad that I was actually sent to a home for asthmatic children, where I had to live for 9 months – away from my family. I did learn how to manage my asthma with the help of the people at the home, and learned to be much less afraid of it.

However, I had problems with other kids picking on me because of my illness. I used to carry my inhaler in my sock and one time it fell out and a boy picked it up and started spraying it all over the place and shouting “asthma face” and “spasma girl” and he would tell others not to play with “asthma girl.”

Dr. Val: What got you interested in track and field? Did anyone discourage you from athletics because of your asthma?

Bolden: When I returned from the home for asthmatic children, I was a pretty normal kid – and I liked to run and play outdoors. One day I was with my younger sister at a park and we met a local track and field coach – so I asked if I could join his team. I told him that I had asthma and was worried that he wouldn’t want me on the team. However, he really surprised me and simply said, “If it doesn’t bother you, it doesn’t bother me.”

Although my dad was worried about me running and having a potential asthma attack, my mom always encouraged me to do my best and not let it hinder me.

Once I started winning races, my asthma became more acceptable. I don’t think I would have accomplished as much in my career if I didn’t have asthma – because it drove me to strive harder to prove myself to others and to show those kids who picked on me that nothing would stop me from excelling.

Dr. Val: How did you manage your asthma when you were at the 1984 Olympics?

Bolden: I had to submit a letter to the United States Olympic committee about my asthma, along with a note from my doctor about the medications I was taking. I always kept my inhaler nearby (though not necessarily in my sock) and tried to stay away from things that I was allergic to.

Dr. Val: What was the turning point for you – to get your asthma under control?

Bolden: My doctors always told me that I’d outgrow my asthma. I’m now 48 years old and still have it. And it wasn’t until lately that I understood that I have a specific type of asthma, called allergic asthma, which responds really well to a new medicine called Xolair (omalizumab). That medicine has made a real difference for me.

Dr. Val: Dr. Lanier, can you explain a little bit about monoclonal antibodies and how they’re now being used to reduce asthma symptoms?

Dr. Lanier: We’ve had effective medicines for the treatment of asthma for a long time, but a lot of them rely on inhaled steroids, which are not healthy for people (especially women) to take long term. So research has focused on getting to the root cause of asthma. About 60% of people who have asthma also have allergies – and we refer to this as “allergic asthma.” Allergies are caused primarily by a certain type of antibody in the blood stream known as IgE (immunoglobulin E). The “Holy Grail” of asthma treatment is to find a way to selectively cripple IgE without affecting the rest of the body.

Xolair is a targeted therapy that sticks to IgE and removes it from the body. It’s like taking away the fuel for the allergic process and this dramatically helps some people.

Dr. Val: Are there any risks associated with Xolair?

Dr. Lanier: There have been reports of people having an allergic reaction to Xolair, but I’ve never seen a patient with this problem, and I’ve treated hundreds of people with the medication. However, I’m always careful to watch out for a potential reaction. In my opinion the risks associated with Xolair are lower than those of standard therapy (steroids) – and when you’re removing IgE from the system, you’re really attacking the disease at its root.

Dr. Val: Jeanette, how did you become the coach of the 2008 women’s track and field team?

Bolden: I was voted to be the coach by my peers in track and field. There are criteria that they use for the selection process, and eligible candidates must have 1) been an Olympian 2) been a coach for a number of years 3) coached Olympians. There is an Olympic coach committee that handles the selection process and I’m pleased that they chose me. My commitment lasts three years and is over on the last day of the Olympics, 2008.

Dr. Val: What is the “asthma on track” program?

Bolden: It’s a fantastic online resource for people to learn more about allergic asthma, IgE testing, and how to find a specialist who can help. People can also learn more about my story on the website. I think education is really important because it’s the only way to free yourself from the fear of an asthma attack. My hope is that this website will teach people with allergic asthma that they don’t have to sit on the sidelines and watch life pass them by. The proper treatment program can put people back in control of their lives so they can train to become Olympians if they want to. And for me, the proper therapy has allowed me to enjoy having my dog live in the house with me for the first time. This makes both of us really happy.

Dr. Val: Do any of this year’s US women’s track and field team members have asthma?

Bolden: Asthma is the leading cause of absenteeism among school age kids. I’m sure that there will be individuals who make the team and also have asthma.

Dr. Val: Tell me about the environmental conditions in Beijing – what are you worried about as a coach?

Bolden: We’ve all heard about the pollution problem – though the Chinese government has scheduled factory and industrial shut downs many months prior to the Olympics. I really think that the main issues are the heat and the humidity, though. And since the Olympic trials are being held in Eugene, Oregon – where it’s been really hot and humid – the athletes will be well-prepared for Beijing.

Dr. Val: Dr. Lanier – as a physician, what are your concerns about environmental risks to Olympians in Beijing this summer?

Dr. Lanier: I don’t think the environmental risks are going to be as great as some think. If you look at historical paintings of Beijing dating back hundreds of years, you’ll always see a foggy cloud around it. That’s just the microclimate of that area of the world. However, there has been significant construction in the area recently – half the steel in the world went to China last year and a lot of that went to Beijing.

I’ve been going to Beijing multiple times a year for 10-15 years now, and although the construction effort has been extensive, I think that with the steps that the Chinese government is taking to improve air quality will make a big difference. It’s also interesting that the incidence of asthma in China overall is much lower than it is in the United States.

Dr. Val: Are visitors with allergic asthma at risk of having flare ups in Beijing?

Dr. Lanier: I think they actually have a lower risk than they would inside the United States. Allergic reactions are a defensive response from the body, and ordinarily that requires that you’ve had a prior exposure to the allergen. People going to Beijing for the first time have never been exposed to their native pollens, so I think the allergic asthma issues will be greatly reduced.

However the heat and humidity, exercise-induced asthma, and upper respiratory tract infections (that come from large crowds of people being in close contact) could all be problematic in Beijing.

Dr. Val: What general medical advice do you have for people traveling to Beijing?

Dr. Lanier: The most important thing for travelers (no matter where they’re flying) is to carry their medications with them in their carry-on luggage. Don’t take your pills out of their original bottles, because you may need the exact prescription labels. That way, even if your luggage is lost, you won’t miss any doses of medicine.

There are some vaccines that are recommended for people traveling to China, so people should check with their doctors before they go.

As far as food is concerned, I think that people will be pleasantly surprised by the variety and quality of food available. Food borne illnesses like salmonella are not common in Beijing, but I can’t speak for the surrounding countryside. Of course, it’s always wise to drink bottled water and not eat unwashed foods that may have been handled by many individuals – like grapes for example.

Dr. Val: Do you have any final thoughts about Beijing?

Bolden: I’m looking forward to a fantastic Olympic games. We have so many wonderful Olympic athletes this year – I just know it’s going to be great.

***

Jeanette Bolden is the head coach of the 2008 U.S. Olympic Women’s Track & Field team and the head coach at UCLA, her alma mater. At the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, she won gold in the sprint relay despite a life-long struggle with asthma. Jeanette is preparing her team of athletes to compete in Beijing this summer – a city known for its asthma-inducing pollution.

Dr. Bobby Lanier, is a Clinical Professor in the Department of Pediatrics & Immunology at North Texas University Health Science Center and a Clinical Professor of Allergy and Immunology at Peking Union Medical College in Beijing. As a former NBC reporter, Dr. Lanier produced and appeared in over 5000 daily nationally syndicated broadcast radio and television segments.   He is currently working on a book entitled The New Epidemic: A Patient Survival Guide to Asthma.

*Listen to the podcast*This post originally appeared on Dr. Val’s blog at RevolutionHealth.com.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: What You Need To Know

With the recent news about the high prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in military veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan, I decided to interview Revolution Health’s expert psychiatrist, Dr. Ned Hallowell, to find out more about PTSD and what to do about it.

*Listen To The Podcast*

Dr. Val: What is post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Dr. Hallowell: As the name implies, it is the response a person has to any traumatic experience or event. The brain really changes in response to trauma, and people can be quite crippled by it.  Some will actively avoid people and situations that remind them of the event, others experience “triggers” that set them off into a panicky or dissociated state. PTSD can cause “flashbacks” where people feel as if they’re right back at the scene of the incident, they may also have nightmares or problems with relationships, job function, substance abuse, major anxiety or depression and even suicide.

PTSD exists on a spectrum. You can get fired from your job and experience mild trauma, but if the firing was really unfair and unexpected it can change you fundamentally for years to come. It isn’t the actual event that determines whether or not a person develops PTSD, it’s how you –given your particular neurochemistry and genetics – are able or not able to assimilate, accommodate, and deal with the traumatic event.

Dr. Val: How does a person know if they have PTSD?

Dr. Hallowell: If something terrible has happened to you and you’re not able to calm down, put things into perspective or get back to your old self – then you may have PTSD. Instead of getting your equilibrium back you’re rattled, anxious, and sleeping poorly. Fear builds on fear and you can even become afraid of life itself and begin withdrawing, avoiding, and shutting down, and self-medicating.

What you want to do is “name it” – in other words allow yourself to consider that you may have PTSD, and then get professional help. A mental health professional who specializes in PTSD is ideal. Dr. Bessel van der Kolk has written several excellent books on the subject.

It’s also worth noting that people can get vicarious PTSD. There have been cases where practitioners have developed PTSD simply by listening to accounts of trauma.

Dr. Val: Is early intervention important?

Dr. Hallowell: This is controversial. Some people believe that it’s important to talk about the event right away, but I’m of the belief that people should remain connected to others but not be required to talk about it until they’re ready. I could see someone after a mugging or car accident and never talk about the event – my role is just to create a “safe place” for them to be. Later on we might talk about it, or we might not. Discussing the details of a traumatic event can retraumatize you – and in a funny way you can develop a habit of reliving the trauma, almost the way that people become addicted to worry. However if the patient wants to talk about the trauma, that suggests to me that they need to – and I let them be the guide.

Dr. Val: What happens if PTSD is not treated?

Dr. Hallowell: It can wreak havoc on people. “Avoidance” as a lifestyle is very incapacitating. If you can’t go places and do things, you’re feeling anxious all the time, and having nightmares and flashbacks, you can’t enjoy life.

Dr. Val: Can PTSD be prevented? In the case of soldiers, for example, who are likely to experience horrible things in times of war – can they be mentally prepared for this kind of thing?

Dr. Hallowell: Part of what makes trauma traumatizing is that it’s unexpected. So it makes intuitive sense to me that if you’re prepared for what you’re going to see or experience that you will find it less traumatic when it happens. The surprise and lack of control are what’s overpowering about trauma. Having a plan (knowing what to do in case of a traumatic event) and knowing what to expect afterwards (and how to get help) will go a long way in reducing the damage of trauma. You can still be traumatized, however, even if you’re “ready” for it.

Dr. Val: Tell me a little bit about kids and PTSD. Do they express PTSD differently?

Dr. Hallowell: In children, the dissociative state is pretty common – they become vacant and unreachable. Sometimes the opposite happens and they are inconsolable, experiencing night terrors, crying, and temper tantrums. However, kids are remarkably resilient and I’ve seen play therapy work wonders for them after traumatic events.

For example, four-year-olds might sit on the floor and not talk to me at all about the trauma they’ve been through, and the next thing you know they’re reenacting the scene with their toys and dolls. They have no idea that they’re replaying the event this way (a form of “displacement”) – and may do it over and over again for a period of six weeks… and the next thing you know they’re over it. It’s remarkable. They use their imagination to heal themselves. It’s the greatest therapy in the world. No medication is used, and it’s a permanent fix. It’s almost like doing psychoanalysis at the point of the childhood trauma. When you’re 40 you try to relive these experiences in analysis to resolve the conflict – but as a child you’re actually doing the work near the time of the incident.

Dr. Val: What’s the most important thing for families to do for loved ones who have PTSD?

Dr. Hallowell: Connect with them. Understand them, listen to them, and don’t let them get isolated. Take their concerns seriously, and don’t judge them. Then find out what they need and get them to a mental health professional who understands PTSD.

*Listen To The Full Conversation Here*This post originally appeared on Dr. Val’s blog at RevolutionHealth.com.

Just What The ER Needs – Fake Patients

This is one of the worst ideas I’ve heard of in a long time – “secret shoppers” in the ER (h/t KevinMD and Dr. Wes). In an attempt to assess hospital quality, patients with fake complaints are sent to the ER unannounced to see how they will be triaged and treated. In one case, a woman complained of stroke-like symptoms (headache, slurred speech, and difficulty moving the left side of her body). She underwent a head CT (which was normal) and then signed out of the hospital against medical advice.

Let me tell you why this “secret shopper” idea is so bad:

1. The woman was exposed to unnecessary brain radiation via the CT scan – this risk is acceptable if a patient’s life is in danger, but why would a normal person wish to be exposed to additional radiation? I smell a law suit in her future…

2. The woman’s triage experience could not possibly represent the average stroke patient experience because she could not replicate the signs of a stroke and (if she tried) any good ER doc or neurologist would know that she was faking. A patient faking the symptoms of a stroke would likely be treated differently than a patient with objective signs.

3. Wait times are dangerously high in ERs across the country. Bumping legitimate patients with “secret shoppers” is unethical and downright dangerous.

4. If hospital staff know that some of their patients will be fake, this could result in mistrust of symptoms or stories and a backlash against real patients who might be confused with secret shoppers.

The ER secret shopper movement was clearly conceived by people who don’t understand the complexity of healthcare, and are applying reductionist principles that will cause unanticipated consequences. Physical harm to the shoppers, longer wait times for real patients, further mistrust by the medical community, and inaccurate quality assessments are only the beginning. I hope the AMA voices their disapproval of this practice.

Quality is better assessed by an average of real patient experience, along with data comparing treatment protocols with medical records. Fake patients have no place in the ER.

What do you think?This post originally appeared on Dr. Val’s blog at RevolutionHealth.com.

Book Review: Glori, A Different Story

I met the author of Glori: A Different Story(Nicole Lynn Hannans) here at Revolution Health a couple of months ago. She is a vibrant, beautiful young woman who had a child in her late teens. Nicole explained to me that the vast majority of America’s teen pregnancy resources are dedicated to prevention. Once a teen becomes pregnant, there is very little support for next steps. For this reason, young mothers have difficulty completing a college education and are often trapped in a lifelong cycle of poverty.

As a young African American woman, Nicole was determined not to become a statistic. Despite all the odds, being homeless and surrounded by her boyfriend’s drug dealing business, she managed to escape that life and attended The College of William and Mary as a single mom. She wrote Glori: A Different Story, to inspire other pregnant teens to go and do likewise – knowing that no matter what the odds, an unexpected pregnancy does not prevent women from achieving their potential in life.

The story begins with Nicole as a carefree teen, enjoying outings with friends and flirtations with guys. In preparation for her prom, she ponders her date options. She decides, against her better judgment, to go with a charismatic “bad boy” football player whom she suspects may be dealing drugs. But she finds his charm irresistible and he persuades her that her fears are unfounded.

Soon Nicole is dating this young man (RaKeim) and is deeply attached to him. Sadly, her life begins to spiral out of control as she realizes that all of her suspicions were correct – he is a crack dealer trying to live the life of a big time “gangster.” RaKeim is narcissistic, unfaithful, abusive, and obsessed with money. Nicole gets pregnant, moves out of her home to be with RaKeim and cannot seem to come to grips with who he is rather than whom she hopes he will be.

While reading the book, every fiber in your being wants to scream, “Get out, Nicole, he’s no good for you! Run!” But RaKeim knows just how to play with her emotions, and she is reeled back in time and again. A prophetic statement from a doting aunt punctuates the madness of homelessness and crack fiends: “It takes time to get a relationship out of your system.”

And it did take several years for the RaKeim poison to work its way out of Nicole’s life. The turning point came one night when he tried to steal their baby, and then broke down the apartment door and beat Nicole. After menacing calls, being threatened with a gun, and in-person harassment, Nicole came to realize that she would never be safe. The police were unwilling to issue her a restraining order without further proof of RaKeim’s potential for violence. She had to handle this one alone.

As luck would have it, RaKeim was in and out of jail, which gave Nicole some relief from his behavior. During that time she graduated with high honors from the College of William and Mary, enrolled in a Master’s Program, got a job working with sick children at NIH, and found love again.

Nicole’s straight forward account of her struggles makes a few things quite clear: 1) women are not adequately protected by current domestic violence protocols 2) psychopathic men have an uncanny ability to manipulate their victims 3) overcoming the odds is a matter of will, determination, and very hard work and 4) a mother’s love for her child can inspire her to achieve greatness.

If you’re interested in learning more about Nicole’s life, please check out her website at www.nicoleink.com Her book is aptly named: Glori: A Different Story, and I hope that it inspires many other young moms to reach for glory – and to triumph over adversity.

*** Join Nicole’s Group – Click here***

Further resources for teenage moms:

The Healthy Teen Network

Planned Parenthood

Girl Mom

National Family Planning & Reproductive Health AssociationThis post originally appeared on Dr. Val’s blog at RevolutionHealth.com.

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