September 21st, 2011 by Paul Auerbach, M.D. in Research
Tags: Bleeding, Celox-A, Cessation of bleeding, ChitoFlex, Combat Gauze, Control Severe Bleeding, Effectiveness, Gauze, Hemorrhage, Hemostatic Agents, Lanny Littlejohn, Nonmedicated Gauze, Penetrating Wound, Research, wilderness medicine, Wound, WoundStat
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Once of the major recent advances in trauma care has been the evolution of topical substances that can be applied to wounds in order to limit or stop hemorrhage (bleeding). This is very important in wilderness medicine, because uncontrolled bleeding is a leading cause of death from injuries. When the bleeding site can be approached in such a manner as to stop the bleeding, then something very valuable may possibly be done for the patient.
In article entitled “Comparison of Celox-A, ChitoFlex, WoundStat, and Combat Gauze Hemostatic Agents Versus Standard Gauze Dressing in Control of Hemorrhage in a Swine Model of Penetrating Trauma,” Lanny Littlejohn, MD and colleagues used an animal model of a complex groin injury with a small penetrating wound, followed by completely cutting the femoral artery and vein, to determine whether there was any benefit to one or another hemostatic (stops bleeding) agent in comparison to each other and to standard gauze dressing. To cut to the chase (no pun intended), the results showed that no difference was found among the agents with respect to initial cessation of bleeding, rebleeding, and survival. In this study, WoundStat was inferior with respect to initial cessation of bleeding and survival when compared to Celox-A.
The authors point out how important it is to Read more »
This post, Article Compares Hemostatic Agents: Are There Any Differences?, was originally published on
Healthine.com by Paul Auerbach, M.D..
September 20th, 2011 by RamonaBatesMD in Research
Tags: BRCA genes, Breast Cancer, Cohort Study, Detection, Diagnosis, Earlier age, Generation, genetic, M.D. Anderson, Mammograms, Medicine, Mutations, Oncology, Research, Surveillance, Women, Younger
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Somewhere along the line I learned to encourage women with a family history of breast cancer to begin getting mammograms at an age 10 years prior to when their mother was diagnosed and to encourage their daughters to begin getting mammograms at an age 10 years prior to when they themselves were ever diagnosed.
I learned this prior to the discovery of BRCA genes. It was a trend that had been noted among women with strong family histories. The new study (see full reference below) in the journal Cancer verifies that genetic breast cancers show up earlier in the next generation – on average by 8 years.
The study from MD Anderson looked at 2 generations of families with the BRCA gene to assess the age at diagnosis. Using the pool of 132 BRCA-positive women with breast cancer who participated in the high-risk protocol at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Gen 2), 106 women could be paired with a family member in the previous generation (Gen 1) who was diagnosed with a BRCA-related cancer (either breast cancer or ovarian cancer).
The median age of cancer diagnosis was Read more »
*This blog post was originally published at Suture for a Living*
September 20th, 2011 by RyanDuBosar in Research
Tags: Cancer, Cats, Feline, FIV, Fluorescent, Gene Therapy, Genetics, Genomics, Glowing, HIV, HIV/AIDS, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, jellyfish, Mayo Clinic, Monkeys, Nature Methods, Prevention, Restriction Factors, Ruppy, South Korea, T-cells, transgenic cat lymphocytes, TRIMCyp, Ultraviolet Light
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Scientists have added a new species to the menagerie of animals that glow, after introducing jellyfish genes into cats that can now glow green.
Scientists report that they transferred genes from monkeys (and jellyfish) into cats in order to study feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), the cat equivalent of HIV. In cats and in people, immunodeficiency viruses deplete infection-fighting T-cells. Key proteins called restriction factors that would normally defend against the viruses are ineffective. The research appears in the September issue of Nature Methods.
To research potential treatments, physicians, virologists, veterinarians and gene therapy researchers from the Mayo Clinic and in Japan sought to mimic the way evolution would generate protective protein versions, according to a Mayo Clinic press release. They inserted monkey versions of a gene into the cat genome using gamete-targeted lentiviral transgenesis. This is done by inserting genes into feline eggs before sperm fertilization.
The monkey restriction factor, TRIMCyp, blocks FIV by attacking and disabling the virus as it tries to invade a cell. In the lab, the transgenic cat lymphocytes resisted FIV replication. The scientists said that they can now test the potential of various restriction factors for Read more »
*This blog post was originally published at ACP Internist*
September 18th, 2011 by RyanDuBosar in Research
Tags: Alcohol, Consumption, European Ancestry, Female, Journal of the American Geriatrics, Lifestyle, Longevity, Mental Health, Middle Age, Nondrinkers, Nurses' Health Study, Physical Health, Research, Study, Wine, Women
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Middle-aged women who drink alcohol moderately yet regularly throughout the week may age more healthfully, according to data from the Nurses’ Health Study.
After adjusting for variables such as smoking, women who drank light or moderate amounts of alcohol had a modestly increased chance of successful ageing compared to nondrinkers. For example, compared to nondrinkers, women who drank 5 to 15 g of alcohol per day (between one-third and one drink per day) at middle age had about a 20% higher chance of successful ageing, defined as being free of 11 major chronic diseases and having no major cognitive, physical or mental health limitations at age 70.
Independent of total alcohol intake, women who drank alcohol regularly had a better chance of successful ageing than occasional drinkers. Thus, compared to nondrinkers, women who drank five to seven days a week had nearly a 50% greater chance of successful ageing whereas women who drank only one or two days a week had a similar likelihood of successful ageing.
Researchers measured alcohol consumption at midlife using Read more »
*This blog post was originally published at ACP Internist*
September 18th, 2011 by ChristopherChangMD in Opinion, Research
Tags: Allergy, Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology, Capnia, Carbon Dioxide, CO2, Headaches, Nasal Allergy, Nasal Discomfort, perennial allergic rhinitis, Research, Side Effects, Study, Symptom Relief, Teary eyed, Treatment
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MSNBC reported recently that a shot of carbon dioxide gas into the nose can help with allergies based on preliminary findings funded by Capnia, a company that makes the product.
Upside:
Symptoms of nasal allergies improved within 30 minutes.
No liquid is involved… just carbon dioxide gas.
Downside: Read more »
*This blog post was originally published at Fauquier ENT Blog*
